The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a country with a harsh arid climate, with average annual rainfall less than 100 mm, high temperatures and evaporation posing significant challenges in water management. Despite this, the problem of Dewatering Dubai or soil dehydration is relevant in some parts of the country, especially in the context of urbanization, infrastructure development and agriculture. This article will review the main approaches to soil dehydration used in the UAE and their importance in the context of sustainable development and optimal use of natural resources.

Introduction

Effective water management in the UAE is critical due to the region’s unique climate conditions. Water resources are limited, with most fresh water being obtained through seawater desalination. At the same time, cities and agricultural areas face the problem of excess soil moisture, which may be due to poorly managed water systems, leaks, over-irrigation, or artificial sources of water.

The main objectives of soil drainage in the UAE are:

• Elimination of excess moisture in construction and urban development areas.
• Creating optimal conditions for agriculture and landscaping.
• Maintaining soil stability and preventing its degradation.

Approaches to soil drainage

Drainage systems

One of the most common methods of soil dehydration in the UAE is the installation of drainage systems. These systems are actively used in construction to create a stable foundation under buildings, roads and other infrastructure facilities. Drainage systems include a network of underground pipes that drain excess water into special collectors or reservoirs. An important aspect is that in the UAE, such systems often need to be adapted to the arid climate and minimal natural precipitation.

Surface and underground drainage systems are also used for agricultural purposes. They help control groundwater levels, preventing salinization and improving soil aeration, which facilitates more efficient crop cultivation.

Use of pumping stations

Pumping stations are used to manage groundwater levels and drain soil in coastal and flood-prone areas. They effectively remove water from areas below sea level or affected by underground sources. In the UAE, such pumping stations are also used in urban areas where high groundwater levels may hinder the construction and operation of infrastructure.

Irrigation regulation

In agriculture and landscaping, one of the important approaches is the optimization of irrigation systems. Excessive irrigation can lead to water stagnation, which will require subsequent drainage of the soil. To solve this problem, modern drip irrigation technologies and automated irrigation management systems are widely used in the UAE. These technologies allow precise control of the amount of water supplied to fields or lawns, preventing excessive soil moisture and the need for drainage measures.

Geotextiles and soil membranes

Geotextiles and special soil membranes are often used in areas of active construction and landscaping. These technologies help control soil moisture levels, prevent erosion, and maintain soil stability. Geotextiles are used to strengthen soil, provide drainage, and prevent small particles from entering drainage pipes.

Soil layer reclamation and management

Another approach is the reclamation and management of the structure of soil layers. In regions with high groundwater levels or in coastal areas, special methods of soil strengthening and stabilization are used, including the use of sand and gravel layers, which contribute to more efficient drainage of water and prevent flooding of areas.

Problems and challenges

Despite the effectiveness of the above approaches, soil drainage in the UAE faces a number of challenges:

• High cost and energy consumption. Installation of drainage systems and pumping stations requires significant investment and regular maintenance.
• Environmental risks. Improper water management can lead to soil degradation, salinization and environmental degradation.
• The need to adapt to climate change. Increasing temperatures and a changing climate require continuous improvements in drainage technologies and strategies.

Conclusion

Soil drainage in the UAE is an important element in ensuring the sustainable development of the country. Effective management of drainage systems, pumping stations and irrigation methods helps to minimize the negative effects of excess soil moisture and maintain a balance in the use of water resources. In the future, given the climate change and increasing urbanization, the introduction of innovative approaches and technologies in this area will play a key role in maintaining environmental stability and economic development of the country.